← Risk register SOC 49-9051 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers

131,070 US workers · median $95,320/yr · Trades

SAFE

The job is climbing poles and bucket trucks, pulling and splicing energized conductors, setting transformers, and restoring service in storms and mud at 3am — none of which current robotics can do. AI touches the paperwork edges: outage prediction, switching-order generation, load and fault analysis, dispatch routing, inspection imagery from drones and LiDAR. Grid buildout, electrification, and aging infrastructure mean demand rises while the physical work stays human; the real hazards to this job are utility cost-cutting and contractor labor structures, not software.

10-year outlook: Grid expansion, data-center load, and storm hardening keep demand growing through the 2030s; AI reshapes dispatch and inspection while the climbing, splicing, and restoration work stays firmly human.

US employment, 2019–2025+17.4%
111,660131,070 workers

Headcount grew steadily across the period.

Median pay $72,520 → $95,320 +5.2% in real terms (nominal +31.4%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+6.6% 127,400 → 135,800 on the projections basis

Hard to automate, and growing

The work resists current AI and the BLS projects +6.6% more of these jobs by 2034. Note that safe does not mean well paid — several of the fastest-growing resistant occupations are among the lowest paid on the register.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~10,700 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

ClimberLinemanLocatorSplicerCablemanLinesmanInstallerRelay ManLineworkerTroublemanCable LayerService ManCable TesterLine BuilderLine CrewmanLine ErectorPole ClimberRelay WorkerCable SplicerEmergency ManHot Stick ManLine MechanicLine RepairerPower Lineman

Score — 68/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (20/20). Weakest point: trust premium (8/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 17 + 20 + 9 + 8 + 14 = 68. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 17/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Framing a new pole, hot-sticking a 12kV tap, phasing a bank of transformers, and rerouting a downed primary through unfamiliar backyard easements are decided and executed in the same motion at the top of the pole — a 17 rather than 20 because switching orders, work packets, mapping, and inspection triage are already being written by software before you leave the yard.

Embodiment 20/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments Bucket work in 25mph wind, climbing gaffs into an ice-loaded crossarm, digging out a padmount in mud, and working de-energized-but-verified next to backfeed from a customer generator is the full 20: uncontrolled environment, live hazard, no fixed workpiece geometry for a robot to reference.

Liability shield 9/20

Certification preferred, not legally required A 9 reflects that the trade runs on completed apprenticeship, CDL, OSHA 1910.269 and often a journeyman lineworker card plus employer qualification-to-work-energized rather than a state licence — nobody stamps a drawing in your name, so when a switching error causes a backfeed the utility and the general foreman absorb the exposure, though your qualified-worker status can be pulled personally.

Trust premium 8/20

Some relationship component Customers see a truck, not you — the relationship that matters is inside the crew and with the dispatcher and substation operator who take your word on clearances and tags, which is real earned trust but transferable when you move districts, so 8 not 15.

Judgment & accountability 14/20

Exists to be accountable for ambiguous calls A 14 is earned at the point where you decide a pole is too rotten to climb, that the line is truly dead despite the paperwork, or whether to backfeed a hospital from an alternate feeder during a storm restoration — ambiguous calls with lethal and citywide consequences, held down from higher only because clearance procedures and switching authority are formalized.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, unionization, liability

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: Coursera — active listening and communication skills free to audit · MIT OpenCourseWare — circuits, systems and diagnostic method, free and ungated free · edX — performance measurement and evaluation free to audit · edX — operations management and process monitoring courses free to audit · OSHA Outreach Training — the 10- and 30-hour cards most employers ask for low · Coursera — critical thinking and logic, audit free free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 82/100, still SAFE.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +3

    Post-wildfire liability regimes (California SB 901/AB 1054 wildfire fund, PG&E criminal plea conditions) that make documented human inspection sign-off a condition of cost recovery or insurance — drone/AI imagery accepted only when a qualified human attests to the condition finding.

  • already happening judgment accountability +3

    Storm-restoration and re-energization decisions formally vested in the field crew leader rather than a remote control center — e.g. utility work rules giving the on-site qualified worker unilateral authority to refuse energization, as several IBEW contracts and post-Maui/Camp Fire operating procedures now do.

  • already happening task resistance +2

    Task-mix shift: as drone/LiDAR inspection and AI outage prediction absorb routine patrol and paperwork, the remaining day concentrates on energized splicing, transformer setting, and ambiguous storm damage triage — the tier no software or robot touches.

  • plausible liability shield +4

    OSHA 1910.269 / NESC-style rules or state PUC orders requiring a qualified line worker to personally verify and sign clearance/switching orders and grounding before energization — i.e. explicitly barring AI-generated switching orders from being executed without a named qualified employee's countersignature. IBEW local agreements already require two-person switching and personal grounding verification; codifying 'no autonomous switching authority' at the state PUC level would push this up.

  • unlikely trust premium +2

    Utility staffing rules or state PUC reliability orders mandating minimum in-house (non-contractor) qualified line crews per service territory, as debated after contractor-related wildfire and restoration failures. This is a labor-structure protection rather than a buyer preference for humans.

The limit. Trust premium has almost no route here: ratepayers do not choose their lineworker and cannot pay a premium for a human one. Embodiment is already maxed. The real downside risks are contractor conversion and utility headcount cuts, which no dimension on this register captures.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 264 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 4,380 $82,710 -13%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 3,930 $77,910 -18%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 3,850 $122,480 +28%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 2,810 $75,420 -21%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA 2,660 $83,570 -12%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 2,140 $130,440 +37%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 1,830 $123,430 +29%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 1,580 $128,750 +35%

Best paid

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA 300 $157,620 +65%
Eugene-Springfield, OR 120 $140,270 +47%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 770 $137,180 +44%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $95,320. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 68. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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