← Risk register SOC 49-3041 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians

37,870 US workers · median $56,550/yr · Trades

SAFE

The work is pulling hydraulic cylinders, rebuilding combine headers, chasing intermittent CAN bus faults, and welding cracked implement frames — often in a muddy field 40 miles from the shop during a harvest window that can't wait. AI already helps read diagnostic trouble codes, look up service literature, and draft repair estimates, but nothing automates torquing a final drive or diagnosing a wiring harness chewed by rodents. The absence of licensure is the only soft spot: the moat here is physical, not regulatory.

10-year outlook: Employment holds roughly flat to modestly up over ten years as machines get more electronic and fewer people can fix them; the diagnostic-lookup part of the job gets absorbed by AI while the wrench-and-field-call part becomes the whole job.

US employment, 2019–2025+4.4%
36,29037,870 workers

Roughly flat across the period, with year-to-year wobble.

Median pay $42,200 → $56,550 +7.2% in real terms (nominal +34.0%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+11% 39,000 → 43,300 on the projections basis

Hard to automate, and growing

The work resists current AI and the BLS projects +11% more of these jobs by 2034. Note that safe does not mean well paid — several of the fastest-growing resistant occupations are among the lowest paid on the register.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~3,700 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

GreaserMechanicShop MechanicField MechanicDiesel MechanicCombine MechanicMachine MechanicTractor MechanicAssembly RepairerHarvester MechanicImplement MechanicMachinery MechanicPea Viner MechanicRice Dryer MechanicFarm Tractor MechanicFarm Machinery ErectorField Service MechanicFarm Equipment MechanicFarm Implement MechanicFarm Machinery MechanicDairy Equipment MechanicDairy Equipment RepairerFarm Equipment AssemblerFarm Machinery Assembler

Score — 67/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (20/20). Weakest point: liability shield (5/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 17 + 20 + 5 + 12 + 13 = 67. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 17/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Splitting a tractor to reach the clutch pack, pressing in new bushings, and re-shimming a differential are irreducibly manual sequences where the only digitisable slice — pulling fault codes off the CAN bus and reading the service manual — is already a small fraction of billable hours, which is why this sits at 17 rather than the low teens where a diagnostic-heavy trade like automotive drivability work lands.

Embodiment 20/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You work lying under a combine in a stubble field, in dust and diesel, with a cutting torch and a 3/4-drive breaker bar, in weather nobody controls and positions no arm can be programmed for — there is no version of this job that happens at a screen, which is what 20 means.

Liability shield 5/20

Certification preferred, not legally required No state licenses farm equipment mechanics; your leverage is the dealer's certification path (John Deere Tech, CNH, AGCO) and EPA 609 for A/C work, which employers ask for but which creates no personal legal exposure that would keep a human in the loop — that's the difference between a 5 and the 12+ a licensed electrician gets.

Trust premium 12/20

Some relationship component Growers call the tech who knows their specific 9RX and their specific spring workload, and in harvest season that named relationship decides who gets the after-hours callout — but the ticket still gets written to the dealership and the customer will take whoever the service manager sends when you're out, which caps it at 12 rather than 16.

Judgment & accountability 13/20

Meaningful discretion Deciding whether to field-patch a hydrostat and get the machine through the next 200 acres or pull it in for a full teardown is a real judgment call with five-figure downtime consequences, and intermittent electrical faults require you to build a hypothesis with no procedure to follow — but flat-rate times, OEM service intervals, and warranty-claim rules constrain most of the day, so 13 rather than 16.

Scored twice. An independent second run returned 68/100 — SAFE, agreeing with the verdict above.

This score sits on a verdict boundary. At 67/100 it is one point from EXPOSED. Re-scoring moves results by a point or two, so here the score is more informative than the label.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, trust, judgment

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: Apprenticeship.gov — industrial maintenance and millwright programs paid to train · Apprenticeship.gov — paid, employer-sponsored trade apprenticeships, searchable by trade and ZIP paid to train · MIT OpenCourseWare — circuits, systems and diagnostic method, free and ungated free · OSHA Outreach Training — the 10- and 30-hour cards most employers ask for low · Coursera — critical thinking and logic, audit free free to audit · MIT OpenCourseWare — problem-solving and analytical method courses free

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 83/100, still SAFE.

6 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +3

    EPA anti-tampering enforcement extended to require documented certified-technician sign-off on DEF/SCR and ECU reflash work, mirroring the heavy-truck emissions defeat-device crackdowns; personal exposure for the tech who deletes

  • already happening judgment accountability +3

    Task-mix shift as remote telematics triage (Deere Expert Alerts, Connected Support) absorbs code-reading and parts pre-staging: the on-site remainder is the fix-or-limp-to-Friday call on a $700k combine mid-harvest, where a wrong call costs a crop

  • already happening trust premium +2

    Independent shops marketing verified non-dealer, non-telematics-locked service as right-to-repair conflicts push growers toward technicians they personally trust with unlocked machine data — a named-tech relationship premium during harvest windows

  • already happening task resistance +1

    Already near ceiling; only route is the same triage shift — routine code lookup and estimate drafting leaving the job, concentrating hours on intermittent harness/rodent/vibration faults and field fabrication that resist remote diagnosis entirely

  • plausible liability shield +4

    Right-to-repair implementation rules (Colorado HB23-1011, the AFBF–John Deere MOU, and the pending state copycats) creating a manufacturer-authorized technician credential that must be on file for warranty-valid repairs to emissions/Tier 4 aftertreatment, ADAS-style autosteer, and safety interlocks — i.e., a named certified tech signs off before a machine returns to road/field service

  • plausible liability shield +3

    Crop/equipment insurers or OEM extended warranty carriers requiring repairs on autonomous or semi-autonomous machines (Deere 8R autonomy, Case AFS) be performed and attested by a factory-certified technician for coverage to hold

The limit. embodiment is maxed at 20 and task_resistance is within 3 of ceiling, so realistic headroom is almost entirely institutional. Even a full authorized-technician regime is unlikely to reach medical/engineering-grade personal liability, since the customer is a business buying uptime, not a regulated third party; a realistic ceiling is high-70s to low-80s.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 150 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Fresno, CA 530 $48,760 -14%
Visalia, CA 440 $47,320 -16%
Salinas, CA 410 $47,400 -16%
Bakersfield-Delano, CA 400 $47,210 -17%
Kansas City, MO-KS 400 $50,290 -11%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 360 $63,900 +13%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 360 $59,290 +5%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 340 $63,760 +13%

Best paid

Vallejo, CA 40 $78,830 +39%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 140 $75,900 +34%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 140 $74,210 +31%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $56,550. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 67. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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