← Risk register SOC 27-3091 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Interpreters and Translators

52,060 US workers · median $60,170/yr · Media

EXPOSED

Written translation — documents, subtitles, localization strings, marketing copy — is the single most thoroughly automated language task there is, and the market has already repriced it toward machine-translation post-editing at lower rates per word. Live interpreting holds up better: courtroom and hospital work demands physical or on-call presence, sworn accuracy, cultural mediation, and a certified human whose name goes on the record. The modal worker in this SOC straddles both, which is why the score lands on the COOKED/EXPOSED line rather than clearly above it.

10-year outlook: Written translation employment keeps contracting toward a smaller post-editing and certified-attestation tier, while court, medical, and sign language interpreting stay staffed by humans through the decade.

Score — 34/100 resistance

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 5 + 7 + 6 + 9 + 7 = 34.

Task resistance 5/20

Core tasks are already automatable. A 5 reflects that the bulk of billable volume in this SOC — contract translation, subtitle files, software strings, birth certificates, patent abstracts — now arrives as an MT draft to be post-edited, and even simultaneous interpreting has working speech-to-speech pipelines in conference and telehealth queues; the score is not 2 only because whispered courtroom simultaneous, ASL, and low-resource language pairs still require a live human ear.

Embodiment 7/20

Some physical or field component. A 7 covers the interpreter who drives to the deposition, stands next to the patient during a pelvic exam, sits in the booth with a headset, or does relay work over VRI carts — real presence and travel, but nothing manipulated with the hands and no uncontrolled site conditions beyond a noisy courtroom or an ambulance bay, which is why it sits below the 13 line.

Liability shield 6/20

Certification preferred, not legally required. Court certification (state or Administrative Office of the Courts) and CCHI/NBCMI medical credentials are gatekeepers for the good assignments and you swear an oath on the record, but no statute reserves the act of translating to a licensed person — an unsertified bilingual can and does take the work, and ATA certification is a marketing asset rather than a legal monopoly, which puts this at 6 rather than 12.

Trust premium 9/20

Some relationship component. Court and hospital interpreters are booked through agency schedulers and language-access vendors who fill by availability and language pair, not by name, so the 9 credits the repeat-client relationships that literary translators, conference regulars, and long-term legal teams genuinely build — but most assignments end when the encounter does.

Judgment & accountability 7/20

Meaningful discretion. A 7 reflects real calls made in the moment — flagging a register mismatch, deciding whether an idiom or a hedged consent phrase carries over, interrupting to request clarification on the record — bounded by canons of ethics that mandate completeness and prohibit editorializing, so you own accuracy but not the underlying decision, unlike the physician or judge in the room.

Scored twice. An independent second run returned 38/100 — EXPOSED, agreeing with the verdict above.

This score sits on a verdict boundary. At 34/100 it is one point from COOKED. Re-scoring moves results by a point or two, so here the score is more informative than the label.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

Tasks already automatable

What survives

Active moats: physical-presence, trust, licensure

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: Systems analysis & design partner link

Escape hatches — adjacent fields with better verdicts

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill profiles: high overlap with what you already do, materially higher resistance score.

Special Education Teachers, Preschool SAFE · 82/100 · you already have ~68% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Systems Analysis, Systems Evaluation, Science, Social Perceptiveness

Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education SAFE · 73/100 · you already have ~64% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Instructing, Learning Strategies, Coordination, Management of Material Resources

Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education SAFE · 69/100 · you already have ~58% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Instructing, Learning Strategies, Science, Systems Analysis

Field report — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work?

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

From people who do this job

Nobody has filed one yet. If you do this work, you know things the rubric can't see.

What has actually changed in your work?

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.