← Risk register SOC 51-2090 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators

1,405,030 US workers · median $44,650/yr · Production

COOKED verdict contested

The work — positioning parts, fastening, soldering, running presses, visual inspection against a spec sheet — is barely text work, so language AI touches it only at the edges (work instructions, quality documentation). The real exposure is industrial automation and offshoring: fixed automation, collaborative arms, and AI vision inspection already take the high-volume, low-variation stations, and the modal assembler works a repeatable bench task on a controlled line. What holds is short-run, high-mix, awkward-geometry assembly and rework, where fixturing a robot costs more than paying a person.

10-year outlook: Employment keeps eroding through the 2030s as vision-guided cells absorb repetitive stations and production moves offshore, with the remaining jobs concentrated in rework, low-volume custom builds, and machine tending.

Score — 33/100 resistance

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 12 + 14 + 1 + 2 + 4 = 33.

Task resistance 12/20

Mixed — a routine tier and a judgment tier. At 12 rather than 6, the job survives because a huge share of assembly is short-run and high-mix — wire harnesses that must be dressed by feel, gaskets and O-rings that need tactile seating, subassemblies where the parts arrive with burrs, tolerance stack-up, or bent leads — and every model changeover means new fixtures, so the payback math keeps a human at the bench; it isn't higher than 12 because the other half of the work (press-and-fit, screw-driving, torque-to-spec, board loading, visual go/no-go against a print) is exactly what fixed automation and vision systems already do on the high-volume lines.

Embodiment 14/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments. You are on your feet at a bench or line for the shift, handling parts by hand, running a soldering iron, arbor press, riveter, heat gun and torque driver, with lifting, reaching and repetitive-motion exposure that no software touches.

Liability shield 1/20

No licence, no signature requirement. There is no licence to assemble; you may hold an IPC-A-610 or J-STD-001 solder cert or a forklift card, but those gate a workstation, not the occupation, and when a unit fails in the field the liability lands on the manufacturer's quality system and engineering signoff, not on the operator who built it — hence 1 rather than 5.

Trust premium 2/20

Anonymous artifact production. The customer never learns your name; your output is a serialized unit that leaves the plant identical to the one the next operator built, and the only relationship that matters is with your line lead — which is why this sits at 2 and not 0, since long-tenured assemblers who know a product's quirks are genuinely hard for a plant to replace.

Judgment & accountability 4/20

Executes defined procedures on defined inputs. Most calls are bounded by the work instruction, the traveler and the torque spec, and the discretion you do have — pulling a suspect part, flagging a fit problem, stopping the line or calling the tech — is escalation rather than ownership, which puts this at 4 instead of 0 but nowhere near a role that decides in ambiguity.

The verdict on this page is contested. We scored this occupation twice, independently, and the two runs disagreed: 33/100 — COOKED and 34/100 — EXPOSED. Combining them doesn't settle it — the answer changes depending on how the halfway points are rounded, which is a property of our arithmetic and not of the job. Rather than pick the side that suits us, we've left the original verdict in place and flagged it. Read the dimension scores below and the reasoning attached to each; on this page they carry the information, and the one-word label does not.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

Tasks already automatable

What survives

Active moats: embodiment

How to future-proof this job

Field report — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work?

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

From people who do this job

Nobody has filed one yet. If you do this work, you know things the rubric can't see.

What has actually changed in your work?

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.