← Risk register SOC 31-2022 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Physical Therapist Aides

48,150 US workers · median $35,240/yr · Healthcare Support

EXPOSED

The work is overwhelmingly physical and in-person: setting up hydrotherapy and traction equipment, cleaning treatment areas, helping patients on and off tables, walking them between exercise stations, launder and stock. Almost none of that is text or screen work AI can touch, and no robot handles an unsteady post-surgical patient in a busy clinic. The exposure is on the other side: aides are unlicensed, make no clinical calls, and their clerical share — scheduling, insurance paperwork, note transcription for the PT — is exactly what AI absorbs first, which trims hours rather than eliminating the role.

10-year outlook: The hands-on core is durable and demand grows with an aging population, but the clerical half of the job gets automated away and employers increasingly hire licensed PTAs instead of aides — expect flat pay and pressure to credential up.

US employment, 2019–2025-2.3%
49,27048,150 workers

Roughly flat across the period, with year-to-year wobble.

Median pay $27,000 → $35,240 +4.4% in real terms (nominal +30.5%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+2.8% 45,600 → 46,900 on the projections basis

Growing, and only partly exposed

The BLS expects +2.8% more of these jobs by 2034, and at 48/100 the work is only partly exposed — some tasks are automatable, the core of the job is not. Nothing here is in tension.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~6,600 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 15 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

AideTherapy AideOutpatient AidePhysiotherapy AideRehabilitation AideRestorative Aide (RA)Outpatient Therapy AideRehabilitation AttendantPhysical Therapy Aide (PTA)Rehabilitation Therapy AidePhysical Therapist Aide (PTA)PT Tech (Physical Therapy Technician)PT Tech (Physical Therapist Technician)PT Attendant (Physical Therapy Attendant)Rehabilitation Technician (Rehabilitation Tech)

Score — 48/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (18/20). Weakest point: liability shield (2/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 16 + 18 + 2 + 8 + 4 = 48. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 16/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation At 16 rather than 19, because guarding a patient during parallel-bar gait training, wrapping hot packs, and transferring someone from wheelchair to mat table cannot be done remotely — but the front-desk block of your shift (booking follow-ups, chasing authorizations, typing the PT's dictated notes into the EMR) is genuinely automatable, which is what keeps this off the ceiling.

Embodiment 18/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments 18 reflects that nearly every duty happens with hands on equipment or on a person in a room that changes hour to hour — spotting an unsteady total-knee patient, dragging ultrasound units and gait belts between bays, mopping up after whirlpool — and the only reason it isn't 20 is that the clinic floor is a controlled indoor space, not a roof or a roadside.

Liability shield 2/20

No licence, no signature requirement 2 because no state licenses PT aides — you work under the PT's or PTA's direct supervision, your interventions are not separately billable under Medicare Part B, and if a patient falls during a transfer the claim lands on the supervising therapist and the clinic, not on a credential you hold.

Trust premium 8/20

Some relationship component 8 because patients on a 12-visit plan of care see you more than anyone and will ask for the aide who sets the traction right and remembers their shoulder, but they were referred to the practice and the therapist, and when you leave the plan of care continues with whoever is on the floor that day.

Judgment & accountability 4/20

Executes defined procedures on defined inputs 4 because the PT's plan of care specifies the exercise, the reps, and the modality settings; your calls are narrow ones — pausing when a patient reports pain and reporting it up the chain — and you are not permitted to modify a program, progress a patient, or interpret a response as a clinical finding.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: Learning How to Learn — the most-taken course on Coursera, and free free to audit · edX — performance measurement and evaluation free to audit · Toastmasters — public speaking practice at local clubs worldwide low · Coursera — teaching and instructional design, audit free free to audit · Coursera — engineering and procurement courses, auditable without paying free to audit · Coursera — communication and interpersonal skills free to audit · Coursera — project coordination and cross-team delivery free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — occupations you could move toward

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill and knowledge profiles: high overlap with what you already do, a materially higher resistance score, no large jump in required training, and no licence you would have to start a new pipeline to get. Targets that pay meaningfully less, that are themselves COOKED, or whose own headcount is falling are excluded — a move into a shrinking trade is not an escape.

Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers SAFE · 68/100 · you already have ~71% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Learning Strategies, Monitoring, Speaking

Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors EXPOSED · 61/100 · you already have ~70% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Instructing, Speaking, Equipment Selection, Learning Strategies

Psychiatric Technicians SAFE · 67/100 · you already have ~56% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Social Perceptiveness, Speaking, Coordination, Monitoring

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 60/100, still EXPOSED.

4 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening task resistance +2

    The clerical tier (scheduling, prior-auth forms, transcribing the PT's note) is the part AI absorbs; if clinics fully hand that to ambient documentation tools like Nuance DAX or Heidi, the remaining defined job is entirely hands-on patient transfer, gait assistance, equipment setup and turnover — a task mix with almost no automatable residue. This raises the score while reducing total hours per aide.

  • plausible liability shield +4

    State practice acts that convert 'aide' from unregulated helper into a registered/credentialed support role with a defined scope and mandatory line-of-sight supervision — the model already in Texas, Louisiana and several other boards' rules on unlicensed personnel. If more boards adopt registration plus a named supervising PT whose license is on the line for delegated tasks, the role acquires a thin but real regulatory anchor that prevents substitution by untrained or unstaffed labor.

  • plausible liability shield +3

    Insurer or CMS conditions of participation requiring a documented trained human present for patient transfers and ambulation in outpatient PT settings — analogous to safe-patient-handling mandates already legislated in states like California (AB 1136) and Washington for hospitals. If extended to outpatient rehab, staffing a trained aide becomes an audited requirement rather than a cost choice.

  • plausible judgment accountability +3

    Explicit board or employer scope language making the aide responsible for recognizing and escalating red flags during exercise (syncope, chest pain, fall risk change) rather than merely executing, paired with required competency sign-off. This exists informally; codifying it in written delegation protocols makes the escalation call an owned consequential judgment.

The limit. Even with every lever, this caps in the low-to-mid 60s. Embodiment is already near maximum and cannot rise. Trust premium has no realistic route: patients pay for the licensed PT's name on the plan of care and rarely know an aide from an assistant, so there is no buyer willing to pay a premium specifically for a human aide. The core vulnerability is not machine capability but that the role is cheap, unlicensed, and hour-trimmable — automation of the clerical share cuts hours per aide even as the physical work stays untouched.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 179 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 6,030 $35,320 +0%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 2,720 $37,280 +6%
Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 1,280 $33,060 -6%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 1,070 $35,010 -1%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 990 $35,570 +1%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 990 $32,240 -9%
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH 840 $37,440 +6%
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 800 $28,570 -19%

Best paid

Abilene, TX 70 $49,790 +41%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 400 $46,460 +32%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 680 $44,440 +26%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $35,240. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 48. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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