← Risk register SOC 17-1022 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Surveyors

50,830 US workers · median $75,440/yr · Engineering

SAFE

The modal surveyor splits time between field data collection with GPS/GNSS and total stations across raw terrain, and office work reducing that data into plats and legal descriptions. The office half — CAD drafting, coordinate math, deed text parsing, report generation, point-cloud processing — is being automated fast, but the licensed determination of where a boundary legally sits from conflicting deeds, old monuments, and occupation evidence is a judgment call a Professional Land Surveyor must seal and defend in court. Drones and scanners raise per-surveyor output rather than eliminating the person who must set the pin and own the call; note that the licensure shield is regulatory and could be loosened.

10-year outlook: Headcount stays roughly flat to modestly up on infrastructure and construction demand, but the office-drafting half of the job compresses hard — value concentrates in licensed surveyors who resolve contested boundaries and seal the work.

US employment, 2019–2025+12.4%
45,22050,830 workers

Dipped in 2020, then grew past where it started.

Median pay $63,420 → $75,440 -4.8% in real terms (nominal +19.0%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+4.4% 56,100 → 58,600 on the projections basis

Hard to automate, and growing

The work resists current AI and the BLS projects +4.4% more of these jobs by 2034. Note that safe does not mean well paid — several of the fastest-growing resistant occupations are among the lowest paid on the register.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~3,900 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

SurveyorGeodesistCity SurveyorHome SurveyorLand ExaminerLand MeasurerLand SurveyorMine SurveyorPort SurveyorSite SurveyorField SurveyorState SurveyorCounty SurveyorField InspectorSurvey EngineerGeodetic AdvisorMineral SurveyorProject SurveyorGeodetic EngineerGeodetic SurveyorLicensed SurveyorRailroad SurveyorGeospatial AnalystGeodetic Computator

Score — 72/100 resistance

Holding it up: liability shield (17/20). Weakest point: trust premium (10/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 13 + 16 + 17 + 10 + 16 = 72. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 13/20

Mixed — a routine tier and a judgment tier 13 rather than 17 because the traverse itself, robotic total station operation, drone flight lines, point-cloud registration and even preliminary deed plotting are already software-driven — what holds the score up is monument recovery, following footsteps of the original surveyor, and reconciling a fence line that contradicts the record, which no dataset supplies.

Embodiment 16/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments 16 because you are locating pipes under blackberry thicket, chaining through wetland and snow, setting rebar and caps in frozen ground, and running control along live highway shoulders under MUTCD traffic setups — capped below 19 only because a growing share of hours are spent in the truck and at the CAD station rather than on the line.

Liability shield 17/20

Licensed human required and personally liable 17 because a plat or ALTA/NSPS survey carries a PLS seal that binds one named individual under state board statute — a licence with a specific exam, four-year experience requirement, and revocation authority — and that seal is what makes the boundary admissible; short of 20 only because much crew work is legally delegable to unlicensed technicians.

Trust premium 10/20

Some relationship component 10 because repeat title companies, civil engineers and developers pick a surveyor they know will not blow the closing date, and the neighbor dispute goes better if the landowners trust the person walking their line, but a subdivision plat is accepted on the seal and the record, not on who drew it.

Judgment & accountability 16/20

Exists to be accountable for ambiguous calls 16 because you weigh senior rights, ambiguous calls-and-distances, unrecorded occupation, and a found monument of uncertain origin to decide which of two overlapping deeds controls — a decision that moves property value, gets deposed, and cannot be appealed to a procedure manual.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works · 4 deployment reports on file

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, licensure, judgment

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: Khan Academy — mathematics, arithmetic through calculus free · Khan Academy — mathematics, arithmetic through calculus free · Khan Academy — reading and vocabulary, all levels, free free · Khan Academy — reading and vocabulary, all levels, free free · Coursera — active listening and communication skills free to audit · Coursera — critical thinking and logic, audit free free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 79/100, still SAFE.

4 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +2

    State boards (via NCEES model law adoption) explicitly extending the 'practice of surveying' definition to cover drone/LiDAR-derived boundary deliverables and AI-generated plats, requiring a PLS seal on any deliverable used for conveyance or permitting — plus rules barring 'as-built from photogrammetry' products from being sold without a seal. Several state boards (e.g., NC, TX) have already issued cease-and-desist letters against unlicensed drone mapping firms.

  • already happening task resistance +2

    Task-mix shift as CAD drafting, deed-text parsing, and point-cloud registration are absorbed by software: the residual job becomes monument recovery, weighing conflicting senior/junior rights and occupation evidence, and expert testimony — the tier no vendor sells. This is the genuine two-tier case, and it raises resistance without any new law while shrinking headcount.

  • plausible judgment accountability +2

    Courts continuing to treat the surveyor's boundary determination as expert opinion evidence rather than a computable output — e.g., rulings that an AI-derived boundary lacks the personal knowledge basis required under FRE 702/state analogues, forcing a named human to defend the retracement.

  • plausible liability shield +1

    Title insurers making an ALTA/NSPS Land Title Survey sealed by a licensed surveyor a condition of extended-coverage endorsement on commercial closings, rather than accepting survey-waiver affidavits — the reverse of the residential survey-waiver trend.

The limit. Trust premium is omitted deliberately: buyers of surveys (lenders, title companies, developers, DOTs) are price-driven and specify a seal, not a person — there is no realistic route to consumers paying extra for a human surveyor as such. The main downside risk is the mirror of the top lever: state legislatures loosening licensure scope or permitting 'survey waiver' products, which would cut liability_shield faster than task_resistance could rise.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 213 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 1,960 $62,960 -17%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 1,400 $66,030 -12%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 1,300 $83,610 +11%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 1,140 $80,060 +6%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA 1,100 $57,260 -24%
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH 1,070 $94,970 +26%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 970 $101,950 +35%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 970 $79,500 +5%

Best paid

Yuba City, CA 50 $133,270 +77%
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA 370 $128,600 +70%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 630 $125,060 +66%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $75,440. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this

The score above is about what the work exposes. This is reporting about real deployments in this occupation — the difference between "could be automated" and "somebody automated it."

University of Wisconsin-Madison · Auburn University

4 of 4 reported cases, with sources

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

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