← Risk register SOC 39-3092 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Costume Attendants

6,510 US workers · median $50,400/yr · Personal Care

EXPOSED

The core of this job — dressing performers, executing 40-second quick changes in the wings, steaming and repairing garments, hooking corsets and wigs under time pressure — is hands-on work in a chaotic backstage environment that no current robot touches. What AI can absorb is the paperwork layer: costume plots, inventory and tracking spreadsheets, laundry and repair schedules, rental correspondence, and continuity photo logging. The real threat to this occupation is production budgets and touring economics, not software.

10-year outlook: In ten years the job still happens backstage with hands on fabric; the clerical half thins out, and the workers who hold wardrobe supervisor titles and union cards keep the steady work.

US employment, 2019–2025-12.7%
7,4606,510 workers

Nearly all of this fall was the 2020 shock. It has been climbing back since.

Median pay $41,410 → $50,400 -2.6% in real terms (nominal +21.7%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+5.9% 6,700 → 7,100 on the projections basis

Growing, and only partly exposed

The BLS expects +5.9% more of these jobs by 2034, and at 53/100 the work is only partly exposed — some tasks are automatable, the core of the job is not. Nothing here is in tension.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~1,800 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

DraperDresserCostumerCostume CutterCostume DraperShop AttendantCostume DresserCostume MistressWardrobe DresserWardrobe StylistCostume AttendantFashion AssistantUniform AttendantWardrobe MistressCostume SeamstressCostume SpecialistCostume TechnicianCostumer AssistantWardrobe AssistantWardrobe AttendantWardrobe CustodianWardrobe SpecialistWardrobe SupervisorWardrobe Technician

Score — 53/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (17/20). Weakest point: liability shield (1/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 15 + 17 + 1 + 11 + 9 = 53. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 15/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Fastening a hook-and-eye placket on a moving performer in a blackout, spot-cleaning sweat rings between acts, and re-setting a quick-change booth in the four minutes you actually have are all manual, unrepeatable, and situation-specific — the 15 rather than 18 reflects that costume plots, piece lists, size charts, and continuity photo databases are genuinely software work already.

Embodiment 17/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You are on your knees in the wings, hauling racks up loading-dock ramps, steaming in 90-degree quick-change tents and running fittings across three floors of a theatre — a 17 rather than 20 only because the fitting room and wardrobe shop are relatively controlled spaces where a share of the sewing, dyeing, and pressing happens.

Liability shield 1/20

No licence, no signature requirement There is no licence, no state board, and no certification anyone asks for at the stage door; a producer can hire you on a recommendation and a first-day trial, and when a costume fails onstage the responsibility lands with the designer and production management, not on your signature.

Trust premium 11/20

Some relationship component Performers let you touch their bodies in half-dressed states nightly and specifically request the dresser who knows their zipper order and their pre-show nerves — that recurring intimacy pushes this to 11, but dressers get reassigned mid-run, swings and subs cover shows constantly, and the show goes on without you.

Judgment & accountability 9/20

Meaningful discretion You decide in seconds whether a split seam gets a safety pin or a swap to the understudy's track, and whether a stained bodice can go back out under the lights — real calls, but made inside a costume plot fixed by the designer and stage management who own the aesthetic and scheduling consequences.

Confidence: medium · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence, unionization

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: Coursera — active listening and communication skills free to audit · Toastmasters — public speaking practice at local clubs worldwide low · edX — performance measurement and evaluation free to audit · Coursera — project coordination and cross-team delivery free to audit · Coursera — communication and interpersonal skills free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — nothing clears the bar

No occupation passed every test: close enough to costume attendants on skills and subject matter, at least 10 points more resistant, no big jump in training, no new licence, no pay cut, and not shrinking on its own. That happens for 223 of the 654 occupations here that aren't SAFE, and it is worth stating plainly rather than leaving the section off.

The usual reason is that exposure travels with the skill profile. The jobs most similar to yours tend to be exposed for the same reasons yours is, so the near neighbours don't clear the gap — and the ones that do are a different kind of work, not a transfer of what you already know. Read that as a limit of this method, not a verdict that you're stuck: it only compares whole occupations, and it cannot see specialisation, industry, or anything you'd bring that isn't in a federal skill survey.

Here is that claim on your own job rather than in the abstract. These are the three occupations closest to this one by skill and subject matter — the places the work would most naturally transfer — with what the register scores them:

Musicians and Singers EXPOSED 56/100 (+3) · 71% overlap
Craft Artists EXPOSED 55/100 (+2) · 63% overlap
Manicurists and Pedicurists SAFE 67/100 (+14) · 62% overlap

That is the whole problem in three lines. The nearest work is not meaningfully safer, so there is no move here that trades a similar skill set for a better verdict. This is not us running out of ideas — it is what the neighbourhood looks like.

What would move this occupation up is the other direction, and on this page it's the more useful one.

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 65/100, still EXPOSED.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening task resistance +2

    Genuine two-tier structure: if the plot/inventory/continuity-log tier is absorbed by production software (Propared, Yesplan, AI photo continuity logging), the surviving role is fitting-room judgment, on-the-body alteration, and live-show crisis improvisation — none of which is text work. Watch for job postings that drop 'maintains costume database' and keep only run-crew duties.

  • plausible judgment accountability +4

    Performer-safety framing: if an OSHA or Equity-negotiated rule makes the wardrobe supervisor the named person accountable for flame-retardant treatment certification, harness/flying-rig garment interface, and quick-change sightline safety on a given production, the role owns a consequential call under ambiguity rather than executing someone else's plot.

  • plausible embodiment +2

    Wardrobe work stays bodily by definition; the score only rises if the job's remaining hours concentrate further in the wings — e.g. IATSE Local 764 (NYC) or 705 (LA) contract language that reserves quick-change and on-body dressing duties to bargaining-unit members while allowing producers to offload plots/inventory to software, so the paid day becomes almost entirely hands-on.

  • plausible trust premium +2

    Audience-facing 'live, human-crafted' positioning already prices this in for legit theatre and opera; a rise would need something like Actors' Equity or a producing house publishing a hand-tailoring/human-dresser guarantee in marketing, or Broadway League practice making named wardrobe credits contractual, the way 'live orchestra' billing works after the 2003 musicians' strike.

  • unlikely liability shield +2

    No licensure exists and none is proposed. The nearest real hook is NFPA 701 flame-resistance compliance for stage textiles, where a venue fire marshal, not a costume attendant, signs. A route would require a state fire code amendment naming a certified wardrobe supervisor as attestor for treated garments — not visibly in motion anywhere.

The limit. Scoring gains are small and mostly cosmetic against the actual threat named in the profile: 6,510 workers whose headcount tracks production budgets, tour capitalization, and how many dressers a house is willing to pay for. Non-union regional and cruise/theme-park wardrobe work is where cuts land, and no liability or trust mechanism reaches it. A high score here would mean the job is hard to automate, not that it is safe.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 32 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 1,210 $106,810 +112%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 890 $95,230 +89%
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL 540 $43,780 -13%
Las Vegas-Henderson-North Las Vegas, NV 350 $56,690 +12%
Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 210 $45,750 -9%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 120 $49,180 -2%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 120 $59,420 +18%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 110 $65,460 +30%

Best paid

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 1,210 $106,810 +112%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 890 $95,230 +89%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA 70 $94,900 +88%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $50,400. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 53. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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Kept current

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