← Risk register SOC 25-2021 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education

1,388,390 US workers · median $63,970/yr · Education

SAFE

The paperwork layer of this job — lesson plans, worksheets, rubrics, differentiated reading passages, parent newsletters, report-card comment drafts — is already being generated by AI in minutes. But the actual work is keeping 24 seven-year-olds regulated, safe, and learning in one room for six hours, which is embodied supervision of minors that no software or robot performs. State licensure, mandated-reporter duty, and in loco parentis custody make a certified adult legally necessary in the room; that shield is regulatory and durable but not permanent.

10-year outlook: Headcount holds roughly steady on enrollment and class-size rules rather than AI, but the prep-and-grading half of the week compresses hard, and teachers who redirect that time into intervention and family relationships will be the ones districts protect.

US employment, 2019–2025-2.9%
1,430,4801,388,390 workers

Roughly flat across the period, with year-to-year wobble.

Median pay $59,670 → $63,970 -14.2% in real terms (nominal +7.2%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

-2% 1,422,700 → 1,394,800 on the projections basis

Hard to automate, but shrinking anyway

The work resists current AI, yet the BLS projects -2% by 2034. Whatever is shrinking this occupation, the evidence does not point to automation — demand, demographics, offshoring and industry decline all shrink jobs that no machine could do.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~91,000 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

TeacherEducatorArt TeacherGym TeacherArt EducatorBand TeacherHome TeacherChoir TeacherMusic TeacherArt InstructorMusic EducatorPrimary TeacherReading TeacherStudent TeacherMusic InstructorResource TeacherBilingual TeacherClassroom TeacherOrchestra TeacherElementary TeacherMontessori TeacherReading SpecialistElementary EducatorLanguage Instructor

Score — 72/100 resistance

Holding it up: trust premium (18/20). Weakest point: judgment & accountability (13/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 13 + 15 + 13 + 18 + 13 = 72. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 13/20

Mixed — a routine tier and a judgment tier A 13 reflects the split you live: the generative half of your prep — leveled passages, exit tickets, IEP-adjacent accommodation language, standards-aligned unit maps, Friday newsletters — is genuinely being drafted by a model now, while teaching a child to decode CVC words, running a small group where one kid is crying and another is under the table, and reading the room during a fire drill do not decompose into prompts.

Embodiment 15/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments 15 puts you above nurses' aides in a controlled ward and below a lineman: the room is uncontrolled — playground duty, lunchroom, bathroom escorts, a vomit incident before 9am, physically redirecting a bolting student — but it's still an indoor space you know, with a floor plan and a door.

Liability shield 13/20

Licensed human required and personally liable 13 is state licensure plus mandated-reporter statute plus in loco parentis custody, which legally requires a certified adult present for the instructional day; it's not 18 because the liability mostly runs through the district's insurance and your union contract rather than landing on you personally the way it does on a physician's malpractice policy.

Trust premium 18/20

The human relationship is the product 18 because the second-grader who will read for you and not for a substitute is the entire mechanism of the job — parents choose schools by teacher reputation, and a year of attachment to one adult is what makes the academic gains happen, which is why long-term-sub coverage measurably underperforms.

Judgment & accountability 13/20

Meaningful discretion 13 sits where it does because you make consequential unscripted calls daily — whether that bruise is a DCF call, whether to hold a child at Tier 2 or refer for evaluation, how to seat and pair a class — but curriculum pacing, adopted reading programs, and state testing windows are handed to you, so the frame is set by someone else.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, licensure, trust

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: Learning How to Learn — the most-taken course on Coursera, and free free to audit · Coursera — teaching and instructional design, audit free free to audit · Toastmasters — public speaking practice at local clubs worldwide low · Coursera — active listening and communication skills free to audit · Coursera — critical thinking and logic, audit free free to audit · edX — performance measurement and evaluation free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 84/100, still SAFE.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening judgment accountability +3

    Post-pandemic expansion of teacher role in threat assessment, child-welfare referral, and retention/promotion decisions under state third-grade reading-gate laws (Mississippi, Michigan, Tennessee) where the classroom teacher's documented judgment is the exception pathway

  • already happening liability shield +2

    Union contract language (NEA/AFT locals, e.g. the AFT-Microsoft/OpenAI training academy paired with bargaining demands) that bars AI-generated grades or discipline records from being entered without a named licensed employee accepting responsibility, plus mandated-reporter duty explicitly non-delegable to software

  • already happening task resistance +2

    Task-mix shift: if worksheet generation, differentiation, and report-card comments are fully automated, the residual day is behavior de-escalation, live diagnosis of why a child is stuck, and family conflict — the judgment tier already dominant here, so the shift is small but real

  • plausible liability shield +3

    State legislatures or boards codifying that AI cannot serve as the adult supervising minors and that a certified teacher of record must personally sign off on IEP-adjacent instructional decisions, grades, and AI-generated student data used in placement — e.g. extending the pattern in state AI-in-education guidance (Ohio, Tennessee 'teacher of record' language, California AB 2876) into binding staffing ratios rather than advisory guidance

  • plausible trust premium +2

    Parental backlash codified as choice: districts offering explicit 'human-taught, low-screen' classrooms as an enrollment option after state phone/screen-time restrictions, making the human adult the advertised product rather than the default

The limit. trust_premium at 18 and embodiment at 15 are near their practical ceilings; supervision of minors in a room is already the whole moat. The realistic downside risk is not automation but headcount — larger class sizes with AI tutoring aides, or paraprofessional substitution, which cuts the number of jobs without changing any dimension score.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 377 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 98,900 $96,900 +51%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 45,840 $78,390 +23%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 44,790 $101,860 +59%
Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 30,980 $64,500 +1%
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV 30,940 $79,470 +24%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 27,350 $65,070 +2%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 23,380 $78,570 +23%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA 23,370 $76,570 +20%

Best paid

Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA 950 $104,650 +64%
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA 10,480 $103,390 +62%
Walla Walla, WA 220 $102,980 +61%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $63,970. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 72. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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