← Risk register SOC 47-5081 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Helpers--Extraction Workers

6,700 US workers · median $47,730/yr · Construction

EXPOSED

Helping blasters and drill operators — hauling and setting up drill rods, cleaning and lubricating equipment, loading blast holes, hand-clearing rock and debris at mines, quarries, and well sites — is physical work in genuinely uncontrolled terrain that language models cannot touch. The real threat is not AI but mechanization: automated drill rigs, autonomous haulage, and remote-operated equipment strip out the helper tier first, and the occupation is already tiny (6,700 jobs) and cyclical with commodity prices. No license protects the role and the work is procedural under a supervisor's direction, so there is no judgment or accountability moat.

10-year outlook: The work itself resists AI, but the job class shrinks as mines automate drilling and haulage; the workers who survive convert helper time into a blaster's license, a CDL, or an equipment-maintenance ticket.

US employment, 2019–2025-59.9%
16,7006,700 workers

Nearly all of this fall was the 2020 shock. It has been climbing back since.

Median pay $37,120 → $47,730 +2.9% in real terms (nominal +28.6%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

-1.7% 7,000 → 6,900 on the projections basis

Exposed, and shrinking

Both signals point the same way: the tasks are largely automatable and the BLS projects -1.7% by 2034. This is the case where the score and the forecast agree, and it is the one worth taking seriously.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~700 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

PowdermanRoughneckOre DiggerSalt MinerCoal LoaderJack SetterDerrick HandDrill HelperMine LaborerMiner HelperMining HelperPumper HelperRoof ObserverRotary HelperTunnel MuckerBlaster HelperDerrick HelperDriller HelperMachine HelperPowder CarrierShooter HelperBlasting HelperHammerer HelperMiner Assistant

Score — 43/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (18/20). Weakest point: trust premium (3/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 15 + 18 + 3 + 3 + 4 = 43. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 15/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Tramming drill steel to the face, swabbing and lubricating jackleg drills, tamping stemming into loaded blast holes and barring down loose rock are tasks no software touches — the 15 rather than 18 reflects that the helper tier is the first thing an autonomous drill rig or remote-operated loader eliminates outright, so the tasks resist digitisation but not mechanization.

Embodiment 18/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You work in pit benches, muck piles, and wellpad cellars where footing shifts, rock falls, and dust and diesel are ambient — an 18 rather than 20 only because some of the shift is spent in shops staging rods, bits, and blasting supplies rather than at the face.

Liability shield 3/20

No licence, no signature requirement MSHA Part 46/48 new-miner training and a state blaster's certificate held by the person you assist are the credentials in play; you hold none of them, and the licensed blaster-in-charge signs the shot report and owns the misfire, which puts this at 3 rather than 0 only because required safety training exists at all.

Trust premium 3/20

Anonymous artifact production Nobody at the quarry office asks for you by name — you're dispatched to whichever crew is short a hand, and the 3 reflects only that a driller who trusts your signals and rod-handling will request you back on the same jackleg.

Judgment & accountability 4/20

Executes defined procedures on defined inputs Hole depth, powder factor, delay pattern, and stemming length come off the blast design and the driller's call; your discretion is limited to noticing a bootleg or loose brow and calling it out, which is why this sits at 4 rather than 8.

Confidence: medium · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: Apprenticeship.gov — electrical, HVAC, plumbing and fitting programs that pay while you learn paid to train · MIT OpenCourseWare — operations management free

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — occupations you could move toward

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill and knowledge profiles: high overlap with what you already do, a materially higher resistance score, no large jump in required training, and no licence you would have to start a new pipeline to get. Targets that pay meaningfully less, that are themselves COOKED, or whose own headcount is falling are excluded — a move into a shrinking trade is not an escape.

Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners SAFE · 67/100 · you already have ~86% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Installation, Operations Analysis

Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators EXPOSED · 63/100 · you already have ~85% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Operations Analysis

Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas SAFE · 67/100 · you already have ~82% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Operations Analysis, Installation

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 55/100, still EXPOSED.

4 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening task resistance +3

    Task-mix shift as automated rigs and autonomous haulage take routine hauling and tramming: the remaining helper work concentrates in non-routine tasks machines handle poorly — hand-clearing misfires and bootlegs, dealing with wet or collapsing holes, rigging in irregular benches and underground faces. Genuine two-tier structure exists here

  • plausible liability shield +4

    MSHA or ATF explosives rules requiring a second certified person physically present at the blast hole during loading and tie-in (Part 56/57 blaster-assistant certification with named responsibility on the shot report), rather than allowing a lone licensed blaster with remote-loading equipment

  • plausible judgment accountability +3

    Union or state contract language making the helper an authorized stop-work party — e.g. UMWA/USW safety-representative clauses or MSHA miner's-representative status extended so a helper can halt loading on observed hazard, with the call documented

  • plausible embodiment +2

    Growth of the remaining work in confined, unmapped, or degraded environments (underground metal mines, abandoned well plug-and-abandonment under the federal orphan-well program) where autonomous equipment has no reliable localization; fewer bench-quarry helper jobs, more unstructured-site ones

The limit. Even with all of these, the occupation stays exposed: the pressure is mechanization of the helper tier, not language models, and 6,700 cyclical jobs give the occupation almost no lobbying weight to secure a certification moat. No plausible route to a trust premium — buyers are mine operators purchasing tonnage, and no one pays extra for a human helper.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 13 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 190 $51,750 +8%
Bakersfield-Delano, CA 170 $51,060 +7%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 170 $60,470 +27%
Midland, TX 150 $42,810 -10%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 110 $43,940 -8%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 100 $47,730 +0%
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL 90 $46,890 -2%
Odessa, TX 70 $39,480 -17%

Best paid

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 170 $60,470 +27%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 190 $51,750 +8%
Bakersfield-Delano, CA 170 $51,060 +7%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $47,730. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 43. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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