← Risk register SOC 49-9062 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Medical Equipment Repairers

65,990 US workers · median $61,660/yr · Trades

EXPOSED

Biomedical equipment technicians spend their day physically inside infusion pumps, ventilators, dialysis machines, surgical tables and imaging systems — swapping boards, calibrating sensors, running electrical-safety and performance-verification tests on hospital floors and in ORs. AI is already eating the paperwork layer (service manual lookup, fault-code interpretation, PM scheduling, work-order documentation, parts sourcing) and OEM remote diagnostics increasingly resolve software faults without a site visit, but nobody has a robot that can open a C-arm in a cramped radiology suite. The shield is weaker than in licensed trades: certification (CBET, OEM-specific training) is expected, not legally mandated, and accountability mostly runs through the hospital's Joint Commission compliance program rather than a personal signature.

10-year outlook: Employment holds roughly flat to modestly up as device fleets grow and age, but the routine-PM-and-paperwork share of the job shrinks; the technicians who keep imaging, OR and networked devices running on-site keep the leverage.

US employment, 2019–2025+42.3%
46,37065,990 workers

Headcount grew steadily across the period.

Median pay $49,280 → $61,660 +0.1% in real terms (nominal +25.1%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+12.9% 68,000 → 76,800 on the projections basis

Growing, and only partly exposed

The BLS expects +12.9% more of these jobs by 2034, and at 64/100 the work is only partly exposed — some tasks are automatable, the core of the job is not. Nothing here is in tension.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~7,300 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

Cryogenics RepairerEquipment SpecialistHearing Aid MechanicHearing Aid RepairerX-ray Service EngineerDental Equipment MechanicDental Equipment RepairerMedical Equipment RepairerRadiology Equipment ServicerSurgical Instrument MechanicRepair Technician (Repair Tech)Electromedical Equipment RepairerRadiological Equipment SpecialistService Technician (Service Tech)Biomedical Technician (Biomed Tech)Equipment Tech (Equipment Technician)Surgical Instrument Repair SpecialistBiomedical Equipment Technician (BMET)Electric Brain Wave Equipment MechanicDental Equipment Installer and ServicerInstrument Technician (Instrument Tech)Simulation Technician (Simulation Tech)Coil Repair Technician (Coil Repair Tech)Hearing Aid Technician (Hearing Aid Tech)

Score — 64/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (18/20). Weakest point: liability shield (8/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 15 + 18 + 8 + 10 + 13 = 64. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 15/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Replacing a defibrillator's charging capacitor, calibrating a ventilator's flow sensor against a gas analyzer, and torquing a surgical table's actuator to spec are hand-eye tasks with no digital substitute — the 15 rather than 18 reflects that a real slice of the job (PM scheduling, fault-code triage, CMMS documentation, ordering the right board from the OEM) is already being absorbed by software and OEM remote sessions.

Embodiment 18/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments The work happens under an imaging gantry, in an occupied ICU room, inside a cramped radiology suite with lead shielding, and in ORs where you gown up to fix a light or a scope tower — uncontrolled, contaminated, physically awkward spaces that no fixed automation reaches, with the 18 rather than 20 acknowledging the bench-repair and remote-support hours in the shop.

Liability shield 8/20

Certification preferred, not legally required CBET, CRES and OEM factory certification are how you get hired and how you get access to service keys, but no state requires a licence to open a dialysis machine — the 8 comes from the fact that your PM stickers, electrical-safety test records and repair logs are Joint Commission and FDA MDR evidence, so your signature does carry regulatory weight even though the hospital, not you, is the accountable entity.

Trust premium 10/20

Some relationship component Nurse managers and OR staff call you by name and hold cases for you because you know which of their six pumps drifts and which anesthesia machine the vendor keeps mis-fixing — but that trust is portable to whoever shows up with the right parts and turnaround, which keeps it at 10 rather than the 15+ of a role where the person is the service.

Judgment & accountability 13/20

Meaningful discretion Deciding whether a ventilator returns to patient use or gets condemned, whether an intermittent alarm is a failing sensor or an OEM software defect worth an MDR report, and whether to run a critical device with a workaround until parts land are calls made with incomplete evidence and patient consequences — the 13 rather than higher reflects that AAMI standards, OEM service procedures and manufacturer spec limits define much of the envelope you work inside.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence, judgment

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: Apprenticeship.gov — electrical, HVAC, plumbing and fitting programs that pay while you learn paid to train · Coursera — people management and team leadership specialisations free to audit · edX — systems thinking and evaluation methods free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — occupations you could move toward

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill and knowledge profiles: high overlap with what you already do, a materially higher resistance score, no large jump in required training, and no licence you would have to start a new pipeline to get. Targets that pay meaningfully less, that are themselves COOKED, or whose own headcount is falling are excluded — a move into a shrinking trade is not an escape.

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers SAFE · 75/100 · you already have ~77% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Installation, Management of Personnel Resources, Systems Evaluation

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 81/100 — SAFE.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening judgment accountability +4

    If medical-device cybersecurity duties consolidate into the BMET role — FDA's 2023 section 524B premarket cyber requirements plus hospital IT/HTM convergence pushing patch/decommission decisions onto HTM staff — the role starts owning consequential 'keep this device on the network or pull it from service' calls under ambiguity, with named accountability in incident reporting.

  • already happening liability shield +3

    Radiation-producing equipment already requires state-registered medical physicist or registered service-provider sign-off on linac/CT calibration in many states; extending that registration model to broader imaging service (mammography MQSA-style annual survey signed by a named person, applied to CT/fluoro) would pull a slice of BMET work under a personal-liability signature.

  • already happening task resistance +3

    Task-mix shift is real here: the occupation has a routine tier (PM checklists, fault-code lookup, board swaps under OEM script) and a judgment tier (undocumented multi-fault failures, cybersecurity remediation on legacy networked devices, incident investigation for patient-harm events reportable under MDR/21 CFR 803, integration of third-party parts where OEM support is withdrawn). If OEM remote diagnostics and AI documentation absorb the routine tier, the residual day is the judgment tier and resistance rises without any new law.

  • plausible liability shield +5

    State licensure of biomedical equipment technicians on the model already attempted in bills (e.g., proposed BMET licensure/registration efforts and the recurring FDA 'right to repair'/servicing-vs-remanufacturing rulemaking following the FDA's 2018 servicing report). If FDA issues a rule requiring a named, qualified individual to attest that a serviced device was returned to OEM performance spec — or if CMS/Joint Commission EC.02.04.03 is tightened to require a personally signed competency attestation per high-risk device (ventilators, infusion pumps, linacs) rather than program-level compliance — the shield moves from program accountability to individual signature.

  • plausible judgment accountability +2

    Formal authority to remove a device from clinical service over clinician objection, written into hospital policy or a union contract (as some 1199/AFSCME hospital agreements do for safety refusals), converts advisory findings into an owned decision.

The limit. Trust premium has no plausible route: the buyer is a hospital procurement/HTM department optimizing cost and uptime, and no patient ever specifies a human technician. Realistic upside is concentrated in liability_shield and judgment_accountability, roughly +8 to +12 total, and much of that depends on FDA device-servicing rulemaking that has stalled since 2018. Embodiment is already carrying most of the score and cannot rise.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 189 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 3,010 $68,460 +11%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 2,270 $62,160 +1%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 2,140 $63,060 +2%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 1,940 $68,580 +11%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 1,670 $58,680 -5%
Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH 1,660 $78,480 +27%
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI 1,440 $63,740 +3%
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL 1,140 $56,150 -9%

Best paid

Eugene-Springfield, OR 30 $92,760 +50%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA 650 $88,190 +43%
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA 390 $84,970 +38%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $61,660. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 64. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

Watch this verdict
Kept current

Rather than check back: get the digest and we'll tell you what changed — or watch a single occupation from its own page.