← Risk register SOC 53-5022 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Motorboat Operators

2,480 US workers · median $47,520/yr · Transportation

SAFE

Piloting a dive boat, water taxi, tour launch, or research skiff means reading wind, chop, wakes, and crowded channels in real time while handling lines, engines, and passengers — none of that is screen work. USCG licensing (OUPV/Master, drug testing, tonnage endorsements) puts a named human legally responsible for the vessel and everyone aboard, and small-craft autonomy is nowhere near handling docking in current, or pulling a swimmer out of the water. The automatable slice is the paperwork: logs, manifests, fuel and maintenance records, trip scheduling, weather briefs.

10-year outlook: Autonomy will creep into fixed, uncrowded runs and survey work first; licensed operators on passenger, dive, guide, and harbor craft stay in the wheelhouse through the 2030s.

US employment, 2019–2025+17.0%
2,1202,480 workers

Headcount grew steadily across the period.

Median pay $48,260 → $47,520 -21.2% in real terms (nominal -1.5%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+1.4% 2,700 → 2,800 on the projections basis

Hard to automate, and growing

The work resists current AI and the BLS projects +1.4% more of these jobs by 2034. Note that safe does not mean well paid — several of the fastest-growing resistant occupations are among the lowest paid on the register.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~300 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

BoatmanLaunchmanBoat DriverBoat PersonRiver PilotHarbor PilotBoat OperatorLaunch StewardMooring MasterLaunch OperatorShoreboat DriverSpeedboat DriverTowboat OperatorCrew Boat OperatorMotorboat OperatorSpeedboat OperatorWater Taxi OperatorBoat Launch OperatorWater Taxi Boat MateRiver and Lakes BoatmanRivers and Lakes LevermanWater Taxi Ferry OperatorOutboard Motorboat OperatorWater Taxi Business Operator

Score — 72/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (19/20). Weakest point: trust premium (10/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 15 + 19 + 14 + 10 + 14 = 72. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 15/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Docking a 40-foot launch in a 2-knot cross-current with fenders out and a bow line in your hand, spotting a diver's bubbles before you go into gear, and judging whether today's 3-foot chop makes the inlet crossing a bad idea are all tasks with no digitized substitute — the 15 rather than 18 reflects that route planning, weather briefs, and the trip log genuinely have moved onto tablets.

Embodiment 19/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You are outdoors on a moving deck in whatever the weather does, handling lines and cleats, clearing a fouled prop, restarting a flooded outboard, helping passengers over a gunwale in swell — the environment is uncontrolled in every axis, which is as close to the ceiling as any job gets.

Liability shield 14/20

Licensed human required and personally liable A USCG OUPV or Master's licence names you personally, subjects you to random drug and alcohol testing under 46 CFR Part 16, and makes you the master answerable for the vessel and every soul aboard in a marine casualty investigation — the 14 rather than 18 is because the OUPV is a relatively accessible ticket and the operating company usually carries the insurance and the deeper pockets.

Trust premium 10/20

Some relationship component Dive charters and fishing guides get repeat customers who ask for a specific captain, and passengers do read your steadiness when the weather turns, but most water-taxi and research-skiff work is booked by schedule or by employer, not by your name.

Judgment & accountability 14/20

Exists to be accountable for ambiguous calls The go/no-go call on marginal weather, the decision to abort a crossing with paying passengers grumbling, and how you handle a man-overboard or an engine failure offshore are yours alone with no one to phone — the 14 sits at the bottom of that band because collision regs, licensed carrying capacity, and company SOPs frame most routine decisions.

Confidence: medium · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, licensure, judgment

How to future-proof this job

Where to go deeper on what this job runs on: OSHA Outreach Training — the 10- and 30-hour cards most employers ask for low · edX — operations management and process monitoring courses free to audit · Toastmasters — public speaking practice at local clubs worldwide low · edX — performance measurement and evaluation free to audit · Apprenticeship.gov — industrial maintenance and millwright programs paid to train · Coursera — decision making under uncertainty free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 85/100, still SAFE.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +2

    Marine P&I insurers (e.g. through AWO/Passenger Vessel Association-negotiated hull and liability terms) writing named-licensed-operator-aboard clauses as a condition of coverage for dive, tour, and water taxi hulls, voiding cover for uncrewed or remote operation.

  • already happening judgment accountability +2

    State dive-operator statutes or NAUI/PADI/DAN-driven charter standards naming the vessel operator as the accountable party for dive-site suitability and surface-support decisions (following NTSB's post-Conception recommendations on roving watch and master's responsibilities, adopted in the 2022 Small Passenger Vessel Safety Act).

  • already happening task resistance +2

    If logs, manifests, fuel records and CG-required documentation are absorbed by digital compliance tools, the measured remaining work is the unautomatable handling and passenger tier — the automatable slice shrinks to near zero rather than the job shrinking.

  • plausible liability shield +4

    USCG rulemaking on autonomous/remotely-operated small passenger vessels that explicitly requires a licensed Master or OUPV physically aboard any vessel carrying passengers for hire, rather than allowing a remote operator — the direction already signaled in USCG's Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship policy work and IMO's MASS Code development (target 2028 non-mandatory / 2032 mandatory). A carve-out that keeps 46 CFR Subchapter T inspected small passenger vessels crew-aboard would lock the shield in.

  • plausible judgment accountability +3

    Task-mix shift: if ECDIS-style route planning, collision-avoidance alerting, and weather routing become standard on small craft, the residual role concentrates on the calls autonomy cannot own — go/no-go in building seas, man-overboard recovery, deciding to abort a dive, crowd control in a grounding. The remaining day is almost entirely consequential ambiguity.

The limit. Already 72 with embodiment near max; realistic headroom is a few points in liability and judgment. Trust premium has no plausible route — tour and taxi passengers buy the trip, not the human at the wheel, and no visible market segment charges for a human operator as such. Note also that the true risk to this occupation is demand-side (fewer charters, fleet consolidation), which none of these levers touch.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 10 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

San Juan-Bayamon-Caguas, PR 140 $26,630 -44%
Urban Honolulu, HI 140 $81,440 +71%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 80 $34,510 -27%
Kahului-Wailuku, HI 70 $83,390 +75%
New Orleans-Metairie, LA 70 $49,230 +4%
Barnstable Town, MA 60 $45,160 -5%
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX 50 $60,920 +28%
Corpus Christi, TX 50 $43,230 -9%

Best paid

Kahului-Wailuku, HI 70 $83,390 +75%
Urban Honolulu, HI 140 $81,440 +71%
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX 50 $60,920 +28%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $47,520. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 72. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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