← Risk register SOC 49-3093 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Tire Repairers and Changers

108,410 US workers · median $37,710/yr · Trades

EXPOSED

Nearly the whole job is physical: breaking beads, mounting and balancing tires, torquing lug nuts, patching punctures, and doing roadside service calls in weather and traffic. Language AI does not touch that work; the exposure is not automation but shop-level tooling (automated mount-and-balance machines, TPMS diagnostics that replace guesswork) and the low wages and low licensure that come with a procedure-driven role. This is a job that persists but does not command a premium.

10-year outlook: The hands stay employed through 2035 — vehicles still ride on rubber and nobody has built a robot that can change a tire on a highway shoulder — but pay stays compressed unless you move into commercial, fleet, or diagnostic work.

US employment, 2019–2025-2.2%
110,880108,410 workers

Roughly flat across the period, with year-to-year wobble.

Median pay $28,640 → $37,710 +5.3% in real terms (nominal +31.7%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

+5.7% 113,400 → 119,900 on the projections basis

Growing, and only partly exposed

The BLS expects +5.7% more of these jobs by 2034, and at 49/100 the work is only partly exposed — some tasks are automatable, the core of the job is not. Nothing here is in tension.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~15,300 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

Tire ManTire FixerTire BusterTire WorkerTire ChangerTire GrooverTire MounterTire BalancerTire MechanicTire RepairerTire ServicerTire InstallerLube TechnicianTire TechnicianService TechnicianTire Shop MechanicAlignment TechnicianMaintenance TechnicianRepair Technician (Repair Tech)Roadside Technician (Roadside Tech)Tire Care Tech (Tire Care Technician)Automotive Tire Worker (Auto Tire Worker)Mobile Tire Tech (Mobile Tire Technician)Commercial Tire Tech (Commercial Tire Technician)

Score — 49/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (18/20). Weakest point: liability shield (3/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 16 + 18 + 3 + 7 + 5 = 49. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 16/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Breaking a rusted bead on a 20-year-old rim, wrestling a run-flat onto a low-profile wheel, and finding a slow leak by dunking the tire in the tank are tasks no software performs — the 16 rather than 19 reflects that mount-and-balance machines, TPMS relearn tools, and road-force balancers already carry the parts of the job that used to take feel and experience.

Embodiment 18/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You work bent over in a bay or kneeling on a highway shoulder with a torque wrench, handling 80-lb truck tires, hot brake components, and 120-psi inflation cages — the 18 is for uncontrolled roadside service in rain, snow, and live traffic, short of the 20 reserved for jobs with no fixed base at all.

Liability shield 3/20

No licence, no signature requirement No state licenses tire changers; a shop may want TIA certification or a DOT medical card for service-truck driving, but a wheel that comes off at 70 mph becomes the shop's insurance claim and the manager's problem, not a personal license revocation, which is why this sits at 3 and not 8.

Trust premium 7/20

Some relationship component Regulars ask for the guy who remembers their fleet and doesn't strip lug studs, and 24-hour roadside customers remember who showed up — but tires are bought on price and wait time, and most walk-ins never learn your name, so the relationship adds 7, not 13.

Judgment & accountability 5/20

Executes defined procedures on defined inputs Tread depth minimums, DOT date codes, patch-vs-plug rules, and manufacturer torque specs are written down and enforced; the discretion you do own — condemning a sidewall-damaged casing or refusing to remount a tire on a bent rim — is real but bounded, which is a 5 rather than a 2.

Confidence: high · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: MIT OpenCourseWare — operations management free · freeCodeCamp — full curriculum, certification at the end free · MIT OpenCourseWare — full course materials across every department, free free · Coursera — engineering and procurement courses, auditable without paying free to audit · Apprenticeship.gov — electrical, HVAC, plumbing and fitting programs that pay while you learn paid to train · Khan Academy — physics, chemistry and biology from the ground up free

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — occupations you could move toward

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill and knowledge profiles: high overlap with what you already do, a materially higher resistance score, no large jump in required training, and no licence you would have to start a new pipeline to get. Targets that pay meaningfully less, that are themselves COOKED, or whose own headcount is falling are excluded — a move into a shrinking trade is not an escape.

Automotive Body and Related Repairers EXPOSED · 65/100 · you already have ~80% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Operations Analysis, Programming, Active Learning, Equipment Selection

Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers EXPOSED · 61/100 · you already have ~78% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Installation, Equipment Selection, Operations Analysis, Science

Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall EXPOSED · 59/100 · you already have ~73% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Operations Analysis

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 65/100, still EXPOSED.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +3

    Insurer or fleet-contract requirement that EV and >26,000 lb GVWR tire service be performed only by a TIA-certified (ATS/CTS) technician whose credential number appears on the work order — TIA certification exists and is already contractually required by some national fleet accounts

  • already happening embodiment +2

    Task-mix shift toward mobile and roadside service (24/7 fleet ERS, run-flat and EV wheel handling at 60–80 lb, jacking on shoulders in traffic) as in-bay mounting is absorbed by automated touchless machines — the residual work is the least structured environment

  • plausible liability shield +5

    State adoption of a mandatory wheel-torque/retorque certification with a signed installation record, on the model of the commercial-vehicle wheel-off liability rules already enforced in Ontario and pushed by TMC/RMA guidance; if a named certified installer must sign the mounting ticket and carries personal exposure in wheel-off litigation, the shield rises from a nominal score

  • plausible judgment accountability +4

    Growth of the condemn/repair call as the shop's legal exposure point: RMA repair-limit criteria (no shoulder repairs, no sidewall injuries) plus DOT out-of-service inspection rules mean a technician who returns an unrepairable casing to service owns a consequential ambiguous decision; if shops formalize this as a documented sign-off rather than an informal judgment, accountability rises

  • plausible task resistance +2

    Two-tier split becomes real if the remaining paid work is TPMS sensor relearn and ADAS-adjacent diagnostics, EV low-rolling-resistance and foam-lined tire handling, and nitrogen/pressure-system troubleshooting rather than bead-breaking; the routine mount tier being tooled away leaves the diagnostic tier

The limit. Even with a torque-certification regime, this stays a wage-competitive procedure role; the realistic ceiling is roughly the low 60s, and the binding constraint is that the buyer never learns the technician's name.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 313 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 3,690 $36,600 -3%
Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX 3,110 $36,220 -4%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 2,820 $39,690 +5%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 2,810 $38,720 +3%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 2,440 $44,460 +18%
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI 2,370 $37,610 +0%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 2,040 $38,600 +2%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA 2,030 $36,970 -2%

Best paid

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA 1,060 $48,880 +30%
Bend, OR 200 $48,820 +29%
Napa, CA 50 $48,580 +29%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $37,710. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 49. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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Kept current

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