← Risk register SOC 49-9091 · reviewed 2026-08-11

Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers

26,410 US workers · median $47,450/yr · Trades

EXPOSED

The core of this job — driving a route, opening machines, replacing bill validators and coin mechs, clearing jams, swapping compressors, restocking and collecting cash — is hands-on work in dozens of uncontrolled locations, which no current robot does. What AI and connected hardware do erode is the diagnostic and logistics layer: telemetry-equipped machines now report their own faults, sales, and stock levels, so route planning, service dispatch, and paperwork increasingly happen without a human deciding. The bigger threat to headcount is cashless payment and remote monitoring shrinking the number of visits per machine, not a machine replacing the technician on site.

10-year outlook: Fewer technicians covering more machines each: remote monitoring kills the routine check-in visit while refrigeration, cashless hardware, and amusement/gaming work keep the skilled tier employed.

US employment, 2019–2025-15.8%
31,37026,410 workers

Nearly all of this fall was the 2020 shock. It has been climbing back since.

Median pay $35,420 → $47,450 +7.2% in real terms (nominal +34.0%, less ~25% US inflation over the period)

The job count is not the verdict

This line is counted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics — the one figure on this page that isn't a judgement of ours. Headcount moves on demand, offshoring, demographics and the business cycle, and automation is one term among several, often not the loudest.

So a falling line is not evidence that AI did it, and a rising one is not evidence that it won't. Both happen in this register: some occupations resist automation and shrink anyway, others are highly automatable and keep growing. The marked year is 2020.

BLS projection, 2024–2034

-2.9%

Percentage only. The projection counts a different population from the 26,410 above — it includes self-employed workers, which for this occupation is most of them, so the two headcounts are not comparable.

Shrinking, but not obviously because of AI

The BLS projects -2.9% by 2034, but at 52/100 this work is only moderately exposed — not the profile of a job current AI can simply do. Occupations shrink for many reasons, and the score does not point at automation as this one's cause.

Different clocks. The score is what current AI could do to this work today. The projection is how many of these jobs will exist in 2034. Everything between the two — how fast employers actually adopt, whether demand grows in the meantime — is why they can point opposite ways without either being wrong.

~3,500 openings a year on average, including replacing people who leave.

One email if this score changes. Watch as many occupations as you like from the same address — no account, and nothing is sent on a schedule, only when a verdict actually moves.

Also known as — 24 job titles this covers

Titles reported by people doing this work, from the US Department of Labor's O*NET survey. If your job title is here, this page is about your work even though the name doesn't match.

VendorRoutemanCoin CollectorMachine FillerService PersonJukebox CheckerRoute AttendantRoute DelivererSlot TechnicianCooler DelivererVending MechanicArcade TechnicianJuke Box MechanicMachine AttendantMachine RepairmanRegister RepairerVending AttendantCoin Box CollectorCoin Box InspectorGum Machine FillerService TechnicianVending TechnicianRefurbish TechnicianVideo Games Mechanic

Score — 52/100 resistance

Holding it up: embodiment (17/20). Weakest point: liability shield (3/20).

Five dimensions, 0–20 each, summed. Higher means more protected. The arithmetic is shown so you can check it: 15 + 17 + 3 + 8 + 9 = 52. · Scored 2026-08-11, and re-examined when evidence accumulates rather than on a schedule.

Task resistance 15/20

Tasks largely resist digitisation Pulling a jammed bill from a validator's transport path, re-timing a coin mech, brazing a leaking refrigerant line in a hallway, and leveling a machine on a warped breakroom floor are tasks no software executes; the 15 rather than 18 reflects that the fault-finding half of your day — figuring out which board or motor failed — is increasingly handed to you by telemetry before you arrive.

Embodiment 17/20

Hands-on in uncontrolled environments You are in a van most of the day, then kneeling behind machines in arcade back rooms, hospital corridors, and truck-stop vestibules, lifting glass fronts, handling compressors and 30-pound coin bags in whatever heat, cold, or clearance the site gives you — a 17 rather than 20 only because the sites are indoors and you are not on a roof or in a trench.

Liability shield 3/20

No licence, no signature requirement No state licence gates this trade; the exceptions are narrow — an EPA 608 card to touch refrigerant and, in most states, a gaming licence or registration to service slot and route amusement devices — and neither makes you personally liable for the machine's operation the way a signed inspection would.

Trust premium 8/20

Some relationship component Route accounts stick with the tech who knows which validator in that plant eats crumpled ones and shows up before the lunch rush, and location owners handing you their cash want a face they recognize — but the vending company holds the contract and the machine, so the relationship transfers when you leave.

Judgment & accountability 9/20

Meaningful discretion You decide on the spot whether to swap a board, rebuild the mech, or pull the machine, and you reconcile cash discrepancies that can look like theft — real calls, but made against known fault codes, warranty rules, and route sheets rather than genuinely ambiguous stakes.

Confidence: medium · reviewed 2026-08-11 · how scoring works

What this job involves — and which parts are yours

The verdict above describes this occupation as a whole. Almost nobody does the typical version of a job — tick what's actually in your week and see how your own mix sits.

AI already does these at usable quality

These still need a person

Active moats on the surviving side: embodiment, physical-presence

How to future-proof this job

Training paths for your skill gaps: CS50x, Harvard — how software is actually built free · Learning How to Learn — the most-taken course on Coursera, and free free to audit · Apprenticeship.gov — electrical, HVAC, plumbing and fitting programs that pay while you learn paid to train · Coursera — critical thinking and logic, audit free free to audit · Khan Academy — mathematics, arithmetic through calculus free · Apprenticeship.gov — paid, employer-sponsored trade apprenticeships, searchable by trade and ZIP paid to train · Coursera — teaching and instructional design, audit free free to audit · Apprenticeship.gov — industrial maintenance and millwright programs paid to train · Coursera — engineering and procurement courses, auditable without paying free to audit

All 35 skills ranked by how many jobs they open →

Where this experience transfers — occupations you could move toward

Computed from U.S. Dept. of Labor O*NET skill and knowledge profiles: high overlap with what you already do, a materially higher resistance score, no large jump in required training, and no licence you would have to start a new pipeline to get. Targets that pay meaningfully less, that are themselves COOKED, or whose own headcount is falling are excluded — a move into a shrinking trade is not an escape.

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics SAFE · 67/100 · you already have ~76% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Technology Design, Learning Strategies, Installation, Critical Thinking

Medical Equipment Repairers EXPOSED · 64/100 · you already have ~75% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Technology Design, Mathematics, Repairing, Instructing

Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians SAFE · 67/100 · you already have ~73% of the skill profile

Skills to close: Technology Design, Equipment Maintenance, Learning Strategies, Equipment Selection

What would move this back up — beyond any one person

The moves above are yours to make. This is the other half: what would have to change in the world for the occupation itself to score higher. None of it is in any one person's gift, but it is where the floor actually comes from. Scores here are not a one-way ratchet. Only two of the five dimensions — task resistance and embodiment — track what machines can do. The other three track law, what buyers will pay for, and who is answerable, and those move in both directions, often in response to the same pressure AI creates. If every lever below landed, this occupation would score around 69/100 — SAFE.

5 specific changes that would raise this score
  • already happening liability shield +3

    Tighter enforcement of EPA Section 608 certification for refrigerant work on refrigerated vendors and coolers, plus the 2024-25 AIM Act HFC transition pushing routes onto R-290 propane equipment, which carries flammable-refrigerant handling rules (UL 60335-2-89) and insurer requirements that only a certified technician open the sealed system. Certification is individual and revocable, not corporate.

  • already happening task resistance +3

    Task-mix shift: as telemetry, cashless payment and micro-market conversion strip out the routine restock-and-collect visits, the residual visit is the one telemetry could not resolve — intermittent bill-validator faults, board-level and sealed-system repair, vandalism and water damage in an unmapped location. Two genuine tiers exist here and the lower one is the one being removed.

  • already happening embodiment +1

    No route upward from capability change, but the environment can get harder to standardize: heavier R-290 and payment-hardware retrofit mandates plus continued vandalism/water-damage caseload keep the work in uncontrolled sites. This holds the score rather than raising it.

  • plausible liability shield +6

    State gaming-board licensing of technicians extended to the new legal 'skill game' / historical-horse-racing terminal fleets (Pennsylvania's pending skill-game regulation bills, Virginia's 2024-25 skill-game framework, Kentucky HHR rules). Slot-route jurisdictions already require a personally licensed, badged technician to break a machine's evidence seal and log the RAM clear; if that regime covers the amusement-machine population broadly, a named licensed human becomes legally necessary for each intervention.

  • plausible judgment accountability +4

    Cash-and-compliance accountability formalized: if state gaming or lottery regulators require the servicing technician to personally attest meter readings, seal integrity and payout-percentage configuration (as Nevada/Pennsylvania slot-route rules already do), the technician owns a consequential call under ambiguity — declaring a machine tampered versus faulty — with license consequences.

The limit. Trust premium is omitted deliberately: the buyer is a vending operator or location owner buying uptime per machine, and no observable segment pays extra for a human servicer as such. Even with full gaming-style licensing, the headcount driver stays visits-per-machine, which cashless payment and telemetry keep cutting — so the realistic ceiling here is roughly the mid-60s, and it is a smaller occupation at a higher score rather than a protected one.

These are conditions, not forecasts — what would have to happen, not what will. Specific rules, cases and bills are named so you can go and check whether they exist and where they stand; verify before relying on any of them. Nothing here is legal or financial advice.

Where this work is, and what it pays there

BLS metro figures for 97 areas. The verdict above does not change by city — the rubric judges what the work involves, not where it happens — but pay and headcount do, and the national median hides a very wide range.

Most of these jobs

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN 1,670 $45,560 -4%
Las Vegas-Henderson-North Las Vegas, NV 1,220 $56,990 +20%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 1,070 $62,970 +33%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD 770 $47,920 +1%
Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ 700 $60,160 +27%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 590 $50,390 +6%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 510 $46,300 -2%
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA 480 $51,930 +9%

Best paid

Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ 190 $63,410 +34%
New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ 1,070 $62,970 +33%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA 230 $61,370 +29%

Percentages are against this occupation's national median of $47,450. Counts are jobs in that metro, not vacancies. Metros where the BLS suppressed the cell are absent rather than shown as zero.

Who is actually doing this — nobody, on the record

We have no reported case of a named organisation automating this occupation. Not one deployment, not one announcement.

That is worth saying out loud next to a score of 52. The verdict above is about what the work exposes — what current AI could do to these tasks. It is not a claim that anyone has done it. For this occupation those two things have come apart completely: the capability argument is on this page, and the evidence column is empty.

Read that as a gap in the reporting we can see, not proof of absence — the dispatch runs on English-language feeds and misses plenty. If you know of a case, tell us, or add a field report from inside the job.

Quick take — do you do this job?

Has AI actually changed your work? One tap, anonymous, and the running tally is public. Nothing else is asked of you.

Self-reported and unverified — a sentiment signal, not a survey. One response per person per occupation; you can change your answer.

Field reports — what people say has changed

No field reports yet. A written account takes a paragraph rather than a tap, goes to an editor before it appears, and is the one thing on this page the rubric cannot produce on its own.

File a field report

Concrete beats general: a tool that arrived, a task that moved, a headcount decision you watched happen. Don't include anything that identifies you or your employer if that would put you at risk.

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Kept current

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